Thyronor 12.5

Presentation: Each tablet contains 12.5 micrograms (mcg) of levothyroxine sodium.

Indications: Thyronor, containing levothyroxine sodium, is a synthetic thyroid hormone used as replacement therapy in conditions of hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid gland) of any cause. This includes:

• Primary hypothyroidism (due to problems with the thyroid gland itself).
• Secondary hypothyroidism (due to problems with the pituitary gland).
• Tertiary hypothyroidism (due to problems with the hypothalamus).
• It is also used for the suppression of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) levels in the presence of goiters, thyroid nodules, and after surgery or radioactive iodine treatment for thyroid cancer.
• It can be used to counteract the goitrogenic effects of certain drugs like lithium.
• It may also be used as a diagnostic aid in TSH suppression tests.

Dosage and Administration: The dosage of Thyronor is highly individualized and depends on the patient's age, weight, the severity of the hypothyroidism, and other medical conditions. It should be taken orally once daily, preferably on an empty stomach, 30 minutes to one hour before the first meal of the day, with a full glass of water.

• Adults: The initial starting dose is usually 25-50 mcg per day, with gradual increases of 12.5-25 mcg every 6-8 weeks as needed, until TSH levels normalize.
• Severe Hypothyroidism: The initial dose may be lower (12.5-25 mcg daily) with slower increases.
• Elderly and Patients with Cardiac Disease: A lower starting dose (e.g., 12.5-25 mcg daily or 25 mcg every other day) with gradual increases is recommended.
• Children: Dosage is based on body weight and may be higher per kilogram than in adults.
• The tablet should be swallowed whole and not crushed or chewed. Consistency in the timing of administration is important. Dosage adjustments are made based on regular monitoring of thyroid hormone levels (TSH, T4, and T3).

Side Effects: Side effects are usually associated with excessive dosage, resembling hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid), and may include:

• Palpitations or rapid heartbeat
• Nervousness, anxiety, irritability
• Tremors
• Increased sweating
• Heat intolerance
• Weight loss
• Increased appetite
• Diarrhea
• Insomnia
• Hair loss (temporary, especially in children)
• Changes in menstrual cycle

Less common but serious side effects include chest pain, heart problems, and allergic reactions.

Precautions:

• Thyronor is contraindicated in patients with untreated hyperthyroidism and adrenal insufficiency.
• Use with caution in patients with cardiovascular disease, as thyroid hormone can increase heart rate and contractility.
• Patients with diabetes mellitus may require adjustments in their antidiabetic medication dosage as thyroid hormone can affect blood sugar control.
• Certain medications and supplements (e.g., antacids containing aluminum or magnesium, calcium and iron supplements, bile acid sequestrants) can interfere with the absorption of levothyroxine. These should be taken at least 4 hours apart from Thyronor.
• Inform your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, as dosage adjustments may be necessary.
• Do not stop or change the brand of levothyroxine without consulting your doctor, as different formulations may have slightly different bioavailability.

Storage: Store below 25°C or 30°C (depending on the specific product), protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.

Important Note: This information is for general knowledge and informational purposes only, and does not substitute professional medical advice. Always consult your doctor or pharmacist for specific instructions and guidance regarding your medication. They can assess your individual medical condition and provide the most appropriate advice.