Osmolax 100ml is an oral solution containing Lactulose USP 3.35 gm per 5 ml. It is manufactured by Square Pharmaceuticals PLC in Bangladesh. It is available in a 100 ml bottle. 

Indications:

Osmolax is indicated for the treatment of: 

• Constipation (Chronic Constipation): It is used when dietary measures, increased fluid intake, and exercise are insufficient. 
• Hepatic Encephalopathy (Portal-Systemic Encephalopathy): To reduce blood ammonia levels. 
• Intestinal flora disturbances: E.g., following long-term antibiotic treatment. 

Pharmacology:

Lactulose is a synthetic disaccharide that is not hydrolyzed in the small intestine. It reaches the colon where it is metabolized by saccharolytic bacteria, producing low molecular weight organic acids (mainly lactic acid). This lowers the pH of the colon contents and promotes water retention by osmosis, thereby increasing peristaltic activity and softening the stool. 

Dosage and Administration:

The dosage depends on the condition being treated: 

• Constipation:
  • Adults: Initially 3-6 teaspoonfuls (15-30 ml) daily, may be reduced to 1½-6 teaspoonfuls (7.5-30 ml) for long-term therapy. 
  • Children (up to 14 years): Initially 3 teaspoonfuls (15 ml) daily, may be reduced to 1-2 teaspoonfuls (5-10 ml) for long-term therapy. 
  • Infants and toddlers: Initially 1-2 teaspoonfuls (5-10 ml) daily, may be reduced to 1 teaspoonful (5 ml) for long-term therapy. 
• Hepatic Encephalopathy:
  • Adults: Initially 6-9 teaspoonfuls (30-45 ml) hourly to induce rapid laxation. Once achieved, the dose is reduced to produce 2-3 soft stools per day. 

Osmolax solution can be taken with water or fruit juice. 

Contraindications:

Osmolax is contraindicated in patients with: 

• Hypersensitivity to galactose and/or lactose. 
• Galactose-free diet. 
• Gastro-cardial symptom complex. 
• Suspected intestinal obstruction. 

Side Effects:

Occasionally, patients may experience: 

• Flatulence 
• Cramps 
• Abdominal discomfort (usually at the beginning of treatment and resolves with dose reduction) 
• Diarrhea (in case of overdose) 
• Electrolyte loss (primarily potassium) with abuse. 

Pregnancy & Lactation:

Osmolax is classified as FDA Pregnancy Category B. Studies suggest no adverse effects. Decisions regarding use during pregnancy and lactation should be made by a registered physician. 

Precautions & Warnings:

• Administer with care to patients intolerant to lactulose. 
• The higher doses used for hepatic encephalopathy should be considered for diabetic patients. 

Drug Interactions:

There are no significant drug interactions with Osmolax. However, potassium deficiency due to abuse may intensify the glycosidic effect of cardiac glycosides. Antacids should be taken 2 hours apart from Osmolax. 

Storage Conditions:

Keep in a dry place away from light and heat. Keep out of reach of children. 

Note: This information is for general knowledge and informational purposes only and does not substitute professional medical advice. Always consult your doctor or pharmacist for specific instructions and guidance regarding your medication.