Empavic L (Empagliflozin + Linagliptin)

1. Overview & Indications

• Indication: Used alongside diet and exercise to lower blood sugar in adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
• Therapeutic Class: SGLT2 Inhibitor + DPP-4 Inhibitor combination.
• Note: Take only as prescribed by a registered physician.

2. How It Works (Pharmacology)

• Linagliptin (DPP-4 Inhibitor): Stimulates insulin release and lowers glucagon levels after meals.
• Empagliflozin (SGLT2 Inhibitor): Blocks glucose reabsorption in the kidneys, causing excess glucose to leave the body through urine.

3. Dosage & Administration

• Standard Starting Dose: 10 mg Empagliflozin / 5 mg Linagliptin once daily in the morning (with or without food).
• Maximum Dose: Can be increased to 25 mg Empagliflozin / 5 mg Linagliptin once daily.
• Renal Check: Do not start or continue if eGFR is below 45 mL/min/1.73 m².

4. Key Precautions & Potential Risks

• Urinary/Genital Infections: Increased risk of UTIs, urosepsis, pyelonephritis, and genital yeast infections.
• Dehydration & Low Blood Pressure: May cause fluid loss, lowering blood pressure.
• Low Blood Sugar (Hypoglycemia): Higher risk if taken alongside insulin or secretagogues.
• Rare Serious Conditions: Ketoacidosis, acute pancreatitis, severe joint pain, or Fournier’s gangrene (rare perineal infection).

5. Contraindications

• Severe kidney impairment, end-stage renal disease, or dialysis.
• Known hypersensitivity to Empagliflozin, Linagliptin, or any inactive ingredients.
• Pregnancy/Lactation: Not recommended during the second and third trimesters.

6. Interactions & Storage

• Interactions: Diuretics (increases dehydration risk), Rifampin (reduces efficacy), and insulin. Causes false positive urine glucose tests.
• Storage: Store below 30°C in a dry, dark place. Keep away from children.