Brezofil (Doxophylline)

Indications (নির্দেশনা) Brezofil is used to treat the following conditions:

• Bronchial asthma
• Bronchospasm
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ($COPD$ )
• Pulmonary disease with spastic bronchial component.

Pharmacology (ঔষধবিজ্ঞান) Doxophylline is a novel bronchodilator that relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by selectively inhibiting phosphodiesterase 4.

Unlike Theophylline, Doxophylline has decreased affinity for adenosine A 1 and A 2 receptors, contributing to its better safety profile. It also inhibits platelet activating factor (PAF ) and leukotriene production.

Dosage & Administration (ডোজ ও ব্যবহারবিধি)  
| Population | Dose | Frequency  
| | :--- | :--- | :--- |  
| Adults | 400 mg tablet | Two or three times daily |  
| Elderly | 200 mg tablet | Two or three times daily |  
| Children $\ge$ $12$ years | 10 ml syrup or 200 mg tablet | Two or three times daily |  
| Children 6–12 years | 6 − 9  mg/kg body weight | Two times daily |  
| SR Tablet | 400 mg Doxophylline SR | Once daily (if daily dose is 400 mg) |

Contraindications & Warnings (প্রতিনির্দেশ ও সতর্কতা)

• Contraindicated in: Hypersensitivity to xanthine derivatives, acute myocardial infarction, hypotension, and during lactation.
• Side Effects: Common effects include nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, headache, irritability, insomnia, and tachycardia . Overdose may cause severe cardiac arrhythmias and tonic-clonic seizure.
• Precautions: Use with caution in patients with cardiac disease, hypertension, severe hypoxemia, hyperthyroidism, chronic COPD , liver disease, and peptic ulcer. Dose reduction may be necessary in the elderly or those with impaired hepatic/cardiac function.
• Interactions: Do not use with other xanthine preparations. Limit caffeine consumption. Concurrent use of certain drugs (e.g., erythromycin, cimetidine, propanolol) may reduce hepatic clearance, potentially requiring a dosage reduction.
• Pregnancy: Use should be evaluated carefully based on the risk-benefit ratio, as there is insufficient clinical evidence.

Therapeutic Class: Bronchodilator, Methyl xanthine derivatives.